<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;"><div>It is entirely consistent with the White Paper, the NTIA-ICANN MOU, the original NTIA-ICANN agreement re IANA, and the creation of ICANN’s ASO, PSO and DNSO Supporting Organizations in 1999, when it was issued. </div><div><br></div><div>If you want to go back and challenge the legitimacy of the various directives issued at that time by the government, and the actions of the ICANN Board to implement them, have at it. They have been rehearsed here and elsewhere for some years. Given that ICANN was created, among other reasons, to provide a private sector forum for resolving DNS disputes, and that resolved disputes frequently have winners and losers, it is not likely that ICANN will ever be a quiet place.</div><div><br></div><div>I have been on record for a very long time to the effect that ICANN’s flimsy legal base needs shoring up. In the present miserable political situation in the US, that is not going to happen. (And considering the ongoing globalization of the net, perhaps should not happen.) There is now fifteen years and counting of precedental legal framework around ICANN that has built on the original foundation, flimsy or not. I very much doubt that one could find much support for starting over.</div><div><br></div><div>- Mike</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><br><div><div>On Sep 8, 2014, at 2:40 PM, Nigel Roberts <<a href="mailto:nigel@roberts.co.uk">nigel@roberts.co.uk</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite">
<meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
And actually this is the problem.<br>
<br>
ICP-1 has no status whatsoever. And it was written long after Jon's
passing/<br>
<br>
It purported not to be a change in policy. In fact, it was exactly
that.<br>
<br>
Furthermore the very idea that ICANN can change IANA policy,
affecting parties over which it has not statutory power or
contractual relationship is curious.<br>
<br>
As a former CEO of ICANN, on what authority (in California, or
elsewhere) do you believe this to be based?<br>
<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 09/08/2014 06:55 PM, Mike Roberts
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote cite="mid:EB439AD1-4CB3-46EE-88D1-271F019D8218@darwin.ptvy.ca.us" type="cite">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1252">
<div>Nigel - Apologies for not checking my sources carefully.
What I had in mind, actually, was the following text from
ICP-1, issued in May 1999.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica,
arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">"This document is a
summary of current practices of the Internet Assigned Numbers
Authority (</span><abbr title="Internet Assigned Numbers
Authority" style="box-sizing: border-box; unicode-bidi:
bidi-override; direction: ltr; border-bottom-width: 1px;
border-bottom-style: dotted; cursor: help; -webkit-transition:
all 0.2s; transition: all 0.2s; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);
font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;
line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">IANA</abbr><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica, arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">) in administering </span><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.iana.org/go/rfc1591" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255); color: rgb(33, 123, 192); text-decoration: none;
font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;
line-height: 22px;"><abbr title="Request for Comments" class="" style="box-sizing: border-box; unicode-bidi:
bidi-override; direction: ltr; border-bottom-width: 1px;
border-bottom-style: dotted; cursor: help;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s; transition: all 0.2s;">RFC</abbr> 1591</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica, arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">, which includes the
guidance contained in </span><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.iana.org/cctld/cctld-news1.htm" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255); color: rgb(33, 123, 192); text-decoration: none;
font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;
line-height: 22px;"><abbr title="Country Code Top Level
Domain" style="box-sizing: border-box; unicode-bidi:
bidi-override; direction: ltr; border-bottom-width: 1px;
border-bottom-style: dotted; cursor: help;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s; transition: all 0.2s;">ccTLD</abbr> News
Memo #1</a><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:
helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height:
22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> dated October
23, 1997. It DOES NOT reflect any changes in policy affecting
the administration of </span><abbr title="Domain Name System" style="box-sizing: border-box; unicode-bidi: bidi-override;
direction: ltr; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style:
dotted; cursor: help; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s;
transition: all 0.2s; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:
helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height:
22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">DNS</abbr><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica, arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> delegations. It is
intended to serve as the basis for possible future discussions
of policy in this area. Changes in </span><abbr title="Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers" style="box-sizing: border-box; unicode-bidi: bidi-override;
direction: ltr; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style:
dotted; cursor: help; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s;
transition: all 0.2s; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:
helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height:
22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ICANN</abbr><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica, arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">/</span><abbr title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority" style="box-sizing:
border-box; unicode-bidi: bidi-override; direction: ltr;
border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dotted; cursor:
help; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s; transition: all 0.2s;
color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica, arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">IANA</abbr><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica, arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">policy will be made
following public notice and comment in accordance with the </span><abbr title="Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers" style="box-sizing: border-box; unicode-bidi: bidi-override;
direction: ltr; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style:
dotted; cursor: help; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s;
transition: all 0.2s; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family:
helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height:
22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ICANN</abbr><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica, arial,
sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> Bylaws.</span><font color="#333333" face="helvetica, arial, sans-serif" size="3"><span style="line-height: 22px;">”</span></font></div>
<div><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica,
arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica,
arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br>
</span></div>
<div><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: helvetica,
arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">- Mike</span></div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>On Sep 8, 2014, at 10:42 AM, Nigel Roberts <<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:nigel@roberts.co.uk">nigel@roberts.co.uk</a>>
wrote:</div>
<div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<blockquote type="cite">
<meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"> Patricio is, as I would
expect, absolutely correct.<br>
<br>
And it's very important to note the distinction between
policy that is either binding, or is taken to be so by the
actors involed, and a "news memo" which Jon dashed off when
he was getting awkward letters from a number of governments
asking him why he "gave away the countries TLDs" to private
individuals and companies.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 09/08/2014 05:53 PM,
Patricio Poblete wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote cite="mid:CACdOtDTioXTcOJrH_EpXczZy0ikM8Z4r3EdpBM_H05Rq7EqbhA@mail.gmail.com" type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">Mike,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>You are probably thinking of the sentence "The IANA
takes the desires of the government of the country
very seriously". That is not in RFC1591. It appeared
later in ccTLD News Memo #1.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Patricio</div>
<div class="gmail_extra"><br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Mon, Sep 8, 2014 at 12:56
PM, Mike Roberts <span dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:mmr@darwin.ptvy.ca.us" target="_blank">mmr@darwin.ptvy.ca.us</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div style="word-wrap:break-word">
<div>Did anyone think that right wing America
Firsters wouldn’t use as much FUD as they
could muster to try to derail the NTIA
initiative? Check some of the Congressional
grand stand statements.
<div><br>
</div>
<div>This mess of mistatement and innuendo is
SOP.</div>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>A “majority” of governments are
authoritarian? That’s a pretty big
paintbrush.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>As Jon Postel said way back in 1591,
governments do matter. Multistakeholderism
without a role for governments isn’t going to
work. ICANN is actually trying to smoke out
behind the scenes gorilla behavior in the GAC
by requiring recorded votes with a majority
needed for “advice.” Raising the Board
threshold for rejecting the advice is a
nominal quid pro quo with little effect.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>- Mike</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<br>
<div>
<div>On Sep 8, 2014, at 6:49 AM, Miles
Fidelman <<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:mfidelman@meetinghouse.net" target="_blank">mfidelman@meetinghouse.net</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"> Well,
isn't this a nice kettle of fish.<br>
<br>
-------- Forwarded Message --------
<div style="word-wrap:break-word;font-size:16px;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<h1> The Internet Power Vacuum Worsens</h1>
<h2> The U.S. hasn't even abandoned its
Web protection yet, and authoritarians
are making their move.</h2>
<h1>
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline">
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline;width:320px">
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:1px
solid
rgba(0,0,0,0.0980392);outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline;float:right;width:76px;min-height:76px"><img moz-do-not-send="true" src="http://s.wsj.net/img/renocol_GordonCrovitz.gif" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline;display:block;max-width:100%" height="76px" width="76px"></div>
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px
0px 0px
2rem;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:1.2rem;vertical-align:baseline;letter-spacing:0.1rem;line-height:2.1rem;float:left;width:215px;text-align:right"><span style="padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:12px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(102,102,102)">By</span>
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:12px;vertical-align:baseline;display:inline"><span rel="author" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;text-transform:uppercase">L.
GORDON CROVIT</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline;float:left;width:591.224975585938px;margin-left:0px!important">
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline">
<div style="margin:0px 0px
8px;padding:0px;border-width:1px
0px;border-top-style:solid;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-color:rgb(230,230,230);border-bottom-color:rgb(230,230,230);outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:39px;overflow:visible;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline;float:right">
</div>
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline">
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:1.1rem;vertical-align:baseline;min-height:auto;width:591.224975585938px;clear:both;font-family:Arial,helvetica,sans-serif;line-height:2.1rem;color:rgb(153,153,153)">Sept.
7, 2014 5:11 p.m. ET</div><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">The
Obama administration plan to
give up U.S. protection of the
open Internet won't take effect
for a year, but authoritarian
governments are already moving
to grab control. President Obama
is learning it's as dangerous
for America to create a vacuum
of power in the digital world as
in the real one.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">In
March the administration asked
Icann, the Internet Corporation
for Assigned Names and Numbers,
to suggest a plan for overseeing
the Internet after September
2015, when U.S. governance is
scheduled to end. The U.S.
charged this group, which
maintains the root-zone file of
domain names and addresses, with
somehow finding mechanisms to
prevent other governments from
undermining the permissionless,
free-speech Internet built under
U.S. oversight.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">Instead,
Icann set up a process to hand
control over to governments.
Under the current
"multistakeholder" system, an
advisory group of governments
has only as much power as other
stakeholders, such as Web
registries, website owners,
free-speech groups and other
nonprofits. But in August, Icann
quietly proposed changing its
bylaws to rubber-stamp
government decisions unless
two-thirds of the Icann board
objects. In turn, Iran has
proposed that the government
group move to majority voting
from the current consensus
approach. That would enable the
world's majority of
authoritarian governments to
rewire the Internet more to
their liking.</p>
<div style="margin:0px 19px 0px
0px;padding:0px
8px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline;width:264px;float:left;clear:left">
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline">
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline">
<div style="margin:10px 0px
8px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:1em;vertical-align:baseline">
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline">
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline">
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline"><a moz-do-not-send="true" style="margin:0px;padding:5px
8px;font-size:1rem;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(17,91,143);outline:none;border:1px
solid
rgb(153,153,153);min-width:70px;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;background-color:rgb(239,244,248)"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline;display:inline;background-color:transparent">Enlarge
Image</span></a></div>
</div>
<img moz-do-not-send="true" src="http://si.wsj.net/public/resources/images/BN-EK819_edp090_D_20140907144626.jpg" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline;display:block;min-height:175.199996948242px;width:264px" height="174" width="262"></div>
<div style="margin:0px;padding:12px
0px
0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:1.1rem;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(102,102,102)"><span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:11.1999998092651px;font-style:italic;vertical-align:baseline">Agence
France-Presse/Getty
Images</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">What
will this mean? Authoritarian
governments could for the first
time censor the Web globally,
not just in their own countries.
Russia could get Icann to
withdraw Ukrainian sites. China
could engineer the world-wide
removal of sites supporting
freedom for Hong Kong or Tibet.
Iran could censor its critics in
the U.S. Website operators could
also expect new global fees and
regulations.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">Such
a change "would fundamentally
transform Icann away from being
a 'bottom-up' and 'private
sector-led' organization and
into a governmental regulatory
agency," wrote Robin Gross, a
former chairman of the Icann
group representing nonprofits,
on the CircleID blog. "Why Icann
would voluntarily choose to
empower non-democratic
governments with an even greater
say over global Internet
policies as this bylaw change
would do is anyone's guess."</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">The
Internet Commerce Association,
which represents Web businesses,
warns that the proposal "would
transform Icann into a
government-led organization,"
which is "completely counter" to
the U.S. requirement that the
Internet remain free of
government control.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">In
a speech in July, a U.S.
Commerce Departmentofficial
played down the danger. "The
idea that governments could
enhance their influence within
Icann by changing its rules to
allow for a majority vote on
policy issues reflects a
misunderstanding of the
policymaking process at Icann,"
said Assistant Secretary
Lawrence Strickling. Wrong. Mr.
Strickling and his
administration colleagues have
misunderstood how serious other
governments are about filling
the vacuum of power with
repression.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">Icann
also upset all its major
stakeholder groups by ignoring
their demand to make it more
accountable absent U.S.
oversight. Stakeholders had
instructed Icann to create an
"independent accountability
mechanism that provides
meaningful review and adequate
redress for those harmed by
Icann action or inaction in
contravention of an agreed-upon
compact with the community."
Instead, Icann announced that it
would oversee itself.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">A
dozen stakeholder groups quickly
sent Icann chief Fadi Chehade a
letter objecting. "How does
Icann intend to handle the
inherent conflict of interest
with developing its own
accountability plan?" they
asked. "Why didn't Icann invite
proposals from the community and
why wasn't the community
involved in the drafting of the
staff plan?"</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">An
objection sent jointly by
business and nonprofit
stakeholder groups to the Icann
board said: "This plan, imposed
on the community without
transparency and without the
opportunity for public comment,
creates inconsistency,
disregards proper Icann
procedure, injects unfairness
into the process and defeats the
purpose of the entire
accountability examination."</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">Philip
Corwin, a lawyer specializing in
Icann issues, calls pushback
against the organization
"unprecedented." Last week,
Icann agreed to put off the new
rules, but only for a brief
comment period.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">Much
of the blame for the splintering
of the multistakeholder system
lies with Mr. Obama's naďveté in
putting Internet governance up
for grabs. He underestimated the
importance of Washington's
control in maintaining an open
Internet—and the desire among
other governments to close the
Internet. And there still is no
plan to keep Icann free from
control by governments.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">Administration
officials pledged to Congress
that the U.S. would keep control
over the Internet if the
alternative was to empower other
governments or if there isn't
full accountability for Icann.
Both red lines have been
crossed.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px
1em;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:15px;vertical-align:baseline;line-height:1.4em">If
Mr. Obama persists, Congress
should block his plan with a
simple message: The open
Internet is too valuable to
surrender.</p>
</div>
<div style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;font-size:10.3999996185303px;vertical-align:baseline">
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